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It's the perfect time of year to learn about snowflakes! One of the best ways
to do this is to collect real snowflakes and use a magnifying glass or
microscope to study them up close. Here are some ideas to make the most of those
snowy days. If you do not have snow where you live, no problem. Just use the
recipe below to make your own borax snowflakes.
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Collect Snowflakes
 When the snow starts falling, grab your coats and
boots, a couple of pieces of black construction paper, and a magnifying glass or
two if you have them. As the snow is falling around you, catch a couple of
snowflakes on your black construction paper and observe them with your
magnifying glass, comparing how the snowflakes are similar and different. Count
how many sides or points the snowflakes have and if any snowflakes appear to
match.
- Click through for another snowflake crystal project and more > >
Make Borax Snowflakes
Make real crystal snowflakes to decorate your
home or tree using borax (look for it on the laundry detergent aisle at the store). This activity takes about 30 minutes of active
preparation and then overnight to set. (Adult supervision recommended.)
Materials
- Wide-mouth jar
- 3 pipe cleaners
- String
- Scissors
- A pencil
- Water
- 1-cup measuring cup
- Tablespoon
- Borax
- Food coloring (optional)
- Glow-in-the-dark paint (optional)
- Ribbon (optional)
What To Do:
- Twist together three pipe cleaners in the center to make a
6-pointed star. Use scissors to trim down the ends of the pipe cleaners so
they are all approximately the same length and can fit in the jar.
 - Tie a piece of string to one end of the star. Connect the string to the
next point by twisting it around the pipe cleaner. Continue around
until you connect all the points together with the string, making a
snowflake skeleton (see the picture).
- Tie another piece of string to one of the pipe cleaner points and tie
the other end around the pencil. Place the snowflake in the
jar with the pencil resting across the mouth of the jar. Make sure that the
snowflake hangs without touching any part of the jar. Take the
snowflake out of the jar.
- Use a teakettle or microwave to boil enough water to fill the jar. Have
an adult help you add the hot water to the jar. As you do, measure out how
many cups of water are needed to fill the jar. For every cup of water placed
in the jar, mix in three tablespoons of borax. This will make a saturated
borax solution. Stir the borax solution with a spoon until as much of it
dissolves as is possible.
- Hang your snowflake in the jar so that it is completely covered in the
solution. Let it sit overnight. Gently remove your now crystal-covered snowflake in the morning and let it dry by hanging it in a dry jar.
Optional: To make colored snowflakes, use colored pipe cleaners and add 1-2
drops of food coloring in step four. To make your snowflakes glow in the dark,
paint the pipe cleaner snowflake with glow-in-the-dark paint in step two and let
it dry completely before going on to step three. Tie a ribbon to one point of
your snowflake to make a Christmas tree ornament! Preserve Snowflakes
If you happen to have a microscope and microscope slides, try preserving
snowflakes. All you really need for this activity are the slides, but using a
microscope is a fun bonus. Prepare in advance by placing a couple of
slides in the freezer so that they won't melt the snowflakes. You will also need
hairspray or artists' fixative. Keep these items in a cold area like your
refrigerator or an unheated garage. When it is time to collect and preserve
snowflakes, bring out the slides, the hairspray, and a couple of toothpicks.
Spray one side of the slides with the hairspray. Catch the snowflakes on the
sticky side of the microscope slides, using a toothpick to gently move the
snowflake to center it, if needed. Place the slide with the snowflake in a cold
area where no more snowflakes will fall on it, such as inside a covered box or
in the unheated garage. Leave the slide untouched for several hours so that the
hairspray can dry and the water in the snowflake will disappear. You now have the imprint of a snowflake on a slide you can study with the naked eye or a microscope.
Another winter science activity:
Hot Chocolate Solvent.
Find out some basic chemistry while enjoying tasty chocolate.
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